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18 Notes Around the 10th century the centre of power shifted from central to eastern Java The eastern Javanese kingdoms of Kediri Singhasari and Majapahit were mainly dependent on rice agriculture yet also pursued trade within the Indonesian archipelago and with China and India. ! 5.3 Tourism Tamil Seafood, Indian During the May 1959 elections the People's Action Party (PAP) won a landslide victory Singapore became an internally self-governing state within the Commonwealth with Lee Kuan Yew as its first Prime Minister. As a result the 1959 general elections were the first after full internal self-government was granted by the British authorities Singapore was not yet fully independent as the British still controlled external affairs such as the military and foreign relations However Singapore was now a recognised state Governor Sir William Allmond Codrington Goode served as the first Yang di-Pertuan Negara (Head of State) and was succeeded by Yusof bin Ishak. Current and 3rd Prime Minister, Goh Chok Tong As a result schools with an IP allow their students to skip the "O" levels at Secondary 4 and go straight into junior colleges (JCs) in Year 5/JC1 The Integrated Programme with the revised Singapore-Cambridge GCE "A" levels or the IB Diploma as a terminal qualification has become an increasingly popular alternative to the standard secondary education pathway This is because it is perceived as having moved away from the usually heavy emphasis on the sciences a phenomenon resulting from the post-independence need for quick and basic technical and industrial education; to subjects in the arts and humanities Such programmes are more project-based and students are expected to be independent learners, Numerous guidelines are set to be shifted to SGX Listing Rules At least one-third of the board members are to be independent directors The shareholding threshold for assessing director independence has been lowered to 5% from 10% A director will no longer be independent if he or any immediate family member is a substantial shareholder with a 5% stake or more Relationships between chairman and CEO must be disclosed if they are immediate family members There will be a proposed 9 year limit on independent directors as a hard limit or the appointment of independent directors who have served more than nine years to be put to an annual vote requiring approval from majority of all shareholders and majority of non-controlling shareholders with a transition period of three years to be provided regardless of the option adopted Directors must be submitted for renomination and reappointment at least once every three years If dividends are not paid companies must state the reason. . . .

5 Water use conservation and efficiency To fulfill OECD requirements each country must draw a sample of at least 5,000 students In small countries like Iceland and Luxembourg where there are fewer than 5,000 students per year an entire age cohort is tested Some countries used much larger samples than required to allow comparisons between regions. PISA stands in a tradition of international school studies undertaken since the late 1950s by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) Much of PISA's methodology follows the example of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS started in 1995) which in turn was much influenced by the U.S National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) The reading component of PISA is inspired by the IEA's Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS), Human activities can also change earth's climate and are presently driving climate change through global warming. There is no general agreement in scientific media or policy documents as to the precise term to be used to refer to anthropogenic forced change; either "global warming" or "climate change" may be used the first describes the average effect on a global scale whilst the second describes how different geographical regions are affected differently, See also: Forward contract The impasse was resolved in 1929 by the Lateran Treaties negotiated by the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini between King Victor Emmanuel III and Pope Pius XI Under this treaty the Vatican was recognized as an independent state with the Pope as its head The Vatican City State has its own citizenship diplomatic corps flag and postage stamps With a population of less than 1,000 (mostly clergymen) it is by far the smallest sovereign country in the world. Junior College The ability of courts to address silence or ambiguity in the statutory law through the development of common law Another parallel system of legal principles also exists known as equity Exceptions to this include India Quebec in Canada and Scotland in the UK amongst others which mix common law with other legal systems. 5.1 In international economics During that meeting Malaysia did not raised any new concern to Singapore regarding the ILS airspace sovereignty or other new issues and the records of discussion during the two meetings on the 29 and 30 November 2018 by the two sides were minuted including Singapore's intention to publish the ILS-AIP data on the next day 1 December 2018 to facilitate Firefly relocation to Seletar airport from Changi airport. ! Conscription S$35,346 US$83.220 Miscellaneous 10.7%, National Healthcare Group Two bus services (services 103 and 117) are available from the old airport terminal Since 14 October 2018 Service 102 also serves the new airport terminal of Seletar Airport with a new bus stop within the Passenger Terminal Building, In order to reduce traffic congestion Electronic road pricing (ERP) has been enacted around entrances into the Central Area The other parts of Singapore are less dense and busy and are often filled with housing estates such as from the Housing and Development Board (HDB) or condominiums and commercial districts are less concentrated However to reduce strain on the Central Area several regional centres have been developed each containing a concentrated commercial district.