Upon completion of the 4- or 5-year secondary school education students (excluding IP students) will participate in the annual Singaporean GCE 'O' Level the results of which determine which pre-universities or post-secondary institutions they may apply for Pre-university centres include junior colleges for a two-year course leading up to GCE 'A' Level or the Millennia Institute for a three-year course leading up to GCE 'A' Level Junior colleges and the Millennia Institute accept students on merit with a greater emphasis on academics than vocational technical education Students who wish to pursue specialised education go on to pre-universities institutions such as the polytechnics or arts institutions where they receive a diploma upon successful completion of their courses; Government-linked corporations play a substantial role in Singapore's domestic economy As of November 2011 the top six Singapore-listed GLCs accounted for about 17 percent of total capitalization of the Singapore Exchange (SGX) These fully and partially state-owned enterprises operate on a commercial basis and are granted no competitive advantage over privately owned enterprises State ownership is prominent in strategic sectors of the economy including telecommunications media public transportation defence port airport operations as well as banking shipping airline infrastructure and real estate! . !
. Minutes of meetings often known as Hansard including an ability for the legislature to strike discussion from these minutes (70.0) 20.6 In the early 17th century Singapore's main settlement and its port were destroyed by a punitive force from Aceh After this incident there was no significant settlement or port at Singapore until 1819 when Sir Stamford Raffles excited by the deep and sheltered waters in Keppel Harbour established for Britain a new settlement and international port on the island or an trading port. ! . 11.1 War crimes In 1811 after the annexation of the Kingdom of Holland by France during Napoleon's war Raffles had no choice but to leave the country He mounted a military expedition against the Dutch and French in Java Indonesia The war was swiftly conducted by Admiral Robert Stopford General Frederick Augustus Wetherall and Colonel Robert Rollo Gillespie who led a well-organized army against an army of mostly French conscripts with little proper leadership, 2 Public health system, In 1817 Raffles wrote and published the History of Java, describing the history of the island from ancient times as well as its geography flora and fauna. !
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