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The Parliament of Malta the Papua New Guinea Parliament the Legislative Council of Hong Kong and the Israeli Parliament never had upper houses. Mountbatten was a favourite of Winston Churchill. On 27 October 1941 Mountbatten replaced Roger Keyes as Chief of Combined Operations and was promoted commodore, Following the war Mountbatten was known to have largely shunned the Japanese for the rest of his life out of respect for his men killed during the war and as per his will Japan was not invited to send diplomatic representatives to his funeral in 1979 though he did meet Emperor Hirohito during a state visit to Britain in 1971 reportedly at the urging of the Queen, 4.5 Objections in Malaysian Parliament The Port of Singapore run by the port operators PSA International (formerly the Port of Singapore Authority) and Jurong Port is the world's busiest in terms of shipping tonnage handled 1.04 billion gross tons were handled in 2004 crossing the one billion mark for the first time in Singapore's maritime history Singapore also emerged as the top port in terms of cargo tonnage handled with 393 million tonnes of cargo in the same year beating the Port of Rotterdam for the first time in the process In 2006 it handled a total of 448 million tonnes of cargo. In the 2015 International Baccalaureate exams taken in 107 countries Singapore students fared best with more than half of the world's 81 perfect scorers and 98% passing rate in the 2016 EF English Proficiency Index taken in 72 countries Singapore place 6th and has been the only Asian country in the top ten. Singapore literature students have won the Angus Ross Prize by Cambridge Examinations every year since 1987 (except in 2000) awarded to the top A-level English literature student outside Britain with about 12,000 international candidates, 3.5 Subsidies The Istana is the official residence and office of the President as well as the working office of the Prime Minister. There is no unified or centrally cleared market for the majority of trades and there is very little cross-border regulation Due to the over-the-counter (OTC) nature of currency markets there are rather a number of interconnected marketplaces where different currencies instruments are traded This implies that there is not a single exchange rate but rather a number of different rates (prices) depending on what bank or market maker is trading and where it is In practice the rates are quite close due to arbitrage Due to London's dominance in the market a particular currency's quoted price is usually the London market price Major trading exchanges include Electronic Broking Services (EBS) and Thomson Reuters Dealing while major banks also offer trading systems A joint venture of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and Reuters called Fxmarketspace opened in 2007 and aspired but failed to the role of a central market clearing mechanism.[citation needed], Short Singapore Mk III flying boat of 205 Sqn in flight below three 'vic' formations of Vickers Vildebeest torpedo bombers of 100 Sqn, Main article: Japanese occupation of Singapore 7 All average country scores. 10 "Singaporean" dishes uncommon in Singapore, Prince Aritomo Yamagata a field marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army and twice Prime Minister of Japan He was one of the main architects of the military foundations of early modern Japan Yamagata Aritomo can be seen as the father of Japanese militarism. ! Main article: List of heliports in Singapore Port of Singapore also has a terminal for cruise ships Such cruise lines that home port there include Princess Cruises Royal Caribbean Holland America Line and more Princess will have the place as largest deployment by a premium cruise line when it deploys Sapphire Princess on three- to eleven-day roundtrip cruises to Asia More than 40,000 passengers will be sailing on those cruises from November 2014 to February 2015 Stationing the ship in port will bring $50 million under contribution while Princess responds to a growing interest for Singapore-based cruises. The currency of Singapore is the Singapore dollar (SGD or S$) issued by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS). It is interchangeable with the Brunei dollar at par value since 1967 owing to their historically close relations. MAS manages its monetary policy by allowing the Singapore dollar exchange rate to rise or fall within an undisclosed trading band This is different from most central banks which use interest rates to manage policy, 12.2 Continued resistance vte, 1955: a Singapore local legislative Assembly with 25 out of 35 members elected was formed.

Singapore maintains tight restrictions on arts and cultural performances Most artistic works have to be vetted by the government in advance and topics that breach so-called out of bounds markers (OB markers) are not permitted While the OB markers are not publicly defined they are generally assumed to include sensitive topics such as race religion and allegations of corruption or nepotism in government Nudity and other forms of loosely defined "obscenity" are also banned Singaporean film director Royston Tan has produced movies which challenge these policies including a movie called Cut in reference to censorship of the arts, Canback Consulting Two hospital groups operate the majority; Parkway Pantai and Raffles Medical Group. These private hospitals are typically smaller offer patients more privacy and typically specialize in certain procedures or surgeries. 1.1.1 World War II Singapore business directory More mountains and highlands help to split the interior into a series of relatively isolated regions suitable for wet-rice cultivation; the rice lands of Java are among the richest in the world. Java was the first place where Indonesian coffee was grown starting in 1699 Today Coffea arabica is grown on the Ijen Plateau by small-holders and larger plantations. Senate Gardens and gardening have a special place in Singaporean culture as well as in politics Historically this is all officially attributed to Lee Kuan Yew who apparently spearheaded this philosophy in 1963. In a rare interview with Monty Don shown in the TV series Around the World in 80 Gardens Lee Kuan Yew reveals that after visits to other big Asian cities such as Hong Kong and Bangkok he feared that Singapore would turn into another concrete jungle and he decided that gardens and parks should be established everywhere and made this a priority of the government, Therefore monetary decisions today take into account a wider range of factors such as:, Until the 1990s few European countries used national tests In the 1990s ten countries / regions introduced standardised assessment and since the early 2000s ten more followed suit By 2009 only five European education systems had no national student assessments. . Beginning with New Zealand in 1990 central banks began adopting formal public inflation targets with the goal of making the outcomes if not the process of monetary policy more transparent In other words a central bank may have an inflation target of 2% for a given year and if inflation turns out to be 5% then the central bank will typically have to submit an explanation The Bank of England exemplifies both these trends It became independent of government through the Bank of England Act 1998 and adopted an inflation target of 2.5% RPI revised to 2% of CPI in 2003 the success of inflation targeting in the United Kingdom has been attributed to the Bank of England's focus on transparency the Bank of England has been a leader in producing innovative ways of communicating information to the public especially through its Inflation Report which have been emulated by many other central banks. . Banks and banking Finance corporate personal public Performing arts 6.3 India 8 Public finance ? Meritocracy is a fundamental ideology in Singapore and a fundamental principle in the education system which aims to identify and groom bright young students for positions of leadership The system places a great emphasis on academic performance in grading students and granting their admission to special programmes and universities though this has raised concerns about breeding elitism. Academic grades are considered as objective measures of the students' ability and effort irrespective of their social background. Having good academic credentials is seen as the most important factor for the students' career prospects in the job market and their future economic status.