14.3 Schools and Enrollment, See also: Monetary policy reaction function, The coming of Islam strengthened the status structure of this traditional religious pattern More than 90 percent of the people of Java are Muslims on a broad continuum between abangan (more traditional) and santri (more modernist) The Muslim scholar of the writ (Kyai) became the new religious elite as Hindu influences receded Islam recognises no hierarchy of religious leaders nor a formal priesthood but the Dutch colonial government established an elaborate rank order for mosque and other Islamic preaching schools In Javanese pesantren (Islamic schools) The Kyai perpetuated the tradition of the resi Students around him provided his needs even peasants around the school. 8 Trading characteristics In 1819 Sir Stamford Raffles founded colonial Singapore as a trading post of the British East India Company After the company's collapse in 1858 the islands came under direct British control as a crown colony called the Straits Settlements During the Second World War Singapore was occupied by Japan It gained independence from the British Empire in 1963 by joining Malaysia along with other former British territories (Sabah and Sarawak) but separated two years later over ideological differences becoming a sovereign state in 1965 After early years of turbulence and despite lacking natural resources and a hinterland the nation developed rapidly as an Asian Tiger economy based on external trade and its workforce. Singapore business directory, When war broke out in September 1939 Mountbatten became commander of the 5th Destroyer Flotilla aboard HMS Kelly which became famous for its exploits in late 1939 he brought the Duke of Windsor back from exile in France and in early May 1940 Mountbatten led a British convoy in through the fog to evacuate the Allied forces participating in the Namsos Campaign during the Norwegian Campaign. .
Further contrasts that prevent true all-year uniformity are the monsoon seasons which happen twice each year The first one is the Northeast Monsoon which occurs from mid-November to early March The second is the Southwest Monsoon season which occurs from June to September Periods between monsoon seasons receive less rain and wind During the Northeast Monsoon northeast winds prevail sometimes reach 20 km/h (12 mph) There are cloudy conditions in December and January with frequent afternoon showers. .
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